Chapter 8: Variable light velocity elucidation

The longitudinal rigidity and transverse rigidity of the light wave in vacuum are demonstrated in this chapter. The longitudinal rigidity (light source is moving but wave length is unchanging) is a necessary attribute resulting from no medium in vibration propagation, and transverse rigidity (making transverse motion together with light source) is a necessary attribute resulting from no light weight as well as no inertia. Light wave has no medium for vibration propagation in vacuum, it is a radiation with longitudinal rigidity, its wave length keeps unchanged during light source motion, the light wave has no weight and inertia, and it is of longitudinal rigidity and can make longitudinal motion or transverse motion together with light source. Light velocity superposition is analyzed based on its longitudinal radiation velocity and its transverse velocity together with light source. The variable light velocity is verified by the measuring velocity radar and reconnaissance plane in actual application: light wave has no vibration propagation medium in vacuum, the mass of light field is zero, and the field motion is a radiation without any other force. The radiation velocity relative to the light source is a vector c₀, which is a relative velocity to radioactive source but an absolute velocity, which meets the velocity vector superposition. The measured relative light velocity is c=c0＋ v, when the relative velocity v between light source and observer exists. Doppler effect concept is here very clear.

Some weaknesses in constant light velocity hypothesis are listed in this chapter. For example, a light source with wave length l0 exists in a static coordinate system, measure-workers are departing or approaching the light source at the velocity v, the measured velocity is still c₀ according to constant light velocity hypothesis, and then with the formula f=c/l0=c0/l0, there is no frequency shift. The “relativity’s Doppler effect” was deduced by math transform that “period =light source’s motion time ＋ light wave transmission time”, which is proved to be of ambiguous physical definition and self-contradictive. The deduced wave length l by “relativity’s Doppler effect” is contradictive with its length (wave length) shrinking equation, and the deduced period by “relativity’s Doppler effect” is contradictive with its time expanding equation. The above deductions are self-contradictive.

What’s more, the effect is unconfirmed with the equation f=c/l0. The kinematical waves including sound wave, water wave and others are generated by the force (or energy) acting on the vibration medium, so the wave crest has compressed medium and dynamic force during kinematical wave source motion, then the wave length is variable. But the electric wave and light wave is a direct radiation without vibration medium, so its wave crest has no compressed medium and dynamic force, the wave length is unchanging during transmission. For example, micro-wave length l0 from dipole antenna is constant, radar wave are kept in constant on ground, and it is inherent property of radar radiation. So in f=c/l0, when the relative velocity by reconnaissance plane is c=c0＋ v, the frequency shift can only exist. The formula f=(c±v)/l0=(c0/l0)±(v/l0)=f0＋fd had been verified by the applications of practical reconnaissance.

The conclusion in this chapter: light wave has no vibration medium in vacuum, the field mass is zero, and the field motion has no relation with force action, the light motion is a radiation, the radiate velocity is a vector c0, which is a relative velocity to radiate source but not an absolute velocity. It obeys the principles of velocity vector superposition. When existing the relative velocity v between light source and measure-workers, relative light velocity by measure-workers is c=c0 ＋v.